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Parmotrema tinctorum
EOL Text
Parmotrema tinctorum is distinguished by the isidiate thallus, broad (4–22 mm) and eciliate, and the presence of lecanoric acid (medulla C+ red). The apothecia are rare and imperforate (Hale 1965). Parmotrema stuhlmanii (C.W. Dodge) Krog & Swinscow has narrower lobes (6–8 mm) and perforate apothecia (Krog & Swinscow 1981), while P. pseudotinctorum (Abbayes) Hale has inflated isidia 0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm (Hale 1965). In P. internexum (Nyl.) Fleig, another isidiate species, the medulla presents norlobaridone and stictic acid (K+ yellow).
[Spielmann & Marcelli 2009].
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Spielmann, Adriano, Spielmann, Adriano, Parmotrema |
Source | http://parmotrema.lifedesks.org/pages/455 |
Sobre corteza de árboles; en vegetación húmeda de elevaciones medianas, en micro sitios abiertos (áreas de pastoreo, vegetación secundaria).
Vegetativamente por medio de isidios, raramente sexual por medio de esporas.
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure
Reasons: "Parmotrema tinctorum can be found on trees and rocks in open woods and long roadsides and is common in the southeastern states northward to Tennessee and Virginia" (Flenniken 1999).
Thallus: foliose, loosely adnate, 3-30 cm in diam., lobate; lobes: subirregular, elongate, slightly imbricate, plane, separate, 10-20 mm wide; apices: rotund, becoming crenate and dissected with age, ciliate; cilia: up to 2.0 mm long; upper surface: gray, smooth, dull centrally, shiny marginally, emaculate, finely reticulately cracked with age; isidia: simple to coralloid branched, frequently very dense, sometimes apically ciliate, common, laminal to marginal; soredia and pustulae: absent; medulla: white with continuous algal layer; lower surface: black with brown naked zone peripherally, centrally rhizinate; rhizines: simple; Apothecia: rare, substipitate, up to 8 mm in diam.; margin: sparsely isidiate; disc: brown, usually imperforate; ascospores: ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, 13-16 x 7-10 µm; Pycnidia: rare, punctiform; conidia: filiform, 12-16 x 1 µm; Spot tests: upper cortex K+ yellow, C-, KC-, P-; medulla K-, C+ red, KC+ red, P-; Secondary metabolites: upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with lecanoric acid (major), orsellinic acid (trace).; Substrate and ecology: usually on trees in open habitats, rarely on rocks; World distribution: pantropical and adjacent temperate regions; Sonoran distribution: coastal plain to mountains of southern Baja California Sur and Sinaloa.
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | Lichen Unlimited: Arizona State University, Tempe. 2002-2011 |
Source | http://symbiota.org/nalichens/taxa/index.php?taxon=54568 |
Localidad del tipo:
Depositario del tipo:
Recolector del tipo:
United States
Origin: Unknown/Undetermined
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
Rights holder/Author | NatureServe |
Source | http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Parmotrema+tinctorum |
Talo folioso, de gris a verde amarillento, adnado o ligeramente unido al sustrato, de 3 a 30 cm de diámetro; con lóbulos sub-irregulares levemente imbricados y planos, miden de 10 a 20 mm de ancho. Superficie superior lisa, brillante en el margen y con grietas finamente reticuladas en la madurez, reacciona ante el hidróxido de potasio tornándose amarilla (K+). Médula blanca, reacciona ante el hipoclorito de calcio tornándose roja (C+). IMAGEDB.GET_BFILE_IMAGE?p_imageId=28238&p_imageResolutionId=2">Superficie">http://attila.inbio.ac.cr:7777/pls/portal30IMAGEDB.GET_BFILE_IMAGE?p_imageId=28238&p_imageResolutionId=2">Superficie inferior negra, con rizinas en el centro y una extensa área marginal parda y desnuda. Isidios de simples a coraloides ramificados, pústulas y soredios ausentes. Apotecios raramente observados.